HTC is a global company based in Taiwan, which manufactures mobile handsets. It believes in continuously pushing boundaries of innovation to provide true mobile freedom to the masses. HTC mobiles was founded in 1997 by Cher Wang, who is now the chair person of the company, and Peter Chou, the President of the company.
HTC mobiles is one of the fastest growing companies in the cell phones sector and has grown to receive remarkable recognition in the past few years. HTC mobiles has established unique partnerships to emerge as the leading company in mobile communication.
The list includes five operators in Europe, four in the United States, and other fast growing Asian operators. Since 2006, it has brought products in to the market under its own brand name HTC. Business week has ranked HTC as the second best performing company in 2007, and the number three company in global listings in 2006.
HTC mobiles has been instrumental in launching its own branded products since the past year and a half, and has introduced dozens of HTC branded products globally.
The company has to its credit a number of firsts such as the first colour palm size PC in 1999 and the first Microsoft Wireless Pocket PC in 2000. It also launched the first Microsoft wireless pocket pc in 2002 and the first Microsoft smart music phone in 2004. Lately, it had also pocketed to its credit the distinction of launching the first Microsoft 5.0 Smart phone and the first intuitive touch screen for finger tip navigation in June 2007.
The company is a pioneer in the smart phone market through a number of partnerships with companies like Microsoft, Intel, Orange, O2, T Mobile, Vodafone, Cingular, Verizon, Sprint and NTT DoCoMo.
Its mission is to become the leading company in mobile and smart phone technology by providing world class manufacturing, logistic, and service capabilities. For this, it has invested heavily in R&D, has pioneered many designs, and product innovations and launched state of the art PDA phones and smart phones across the board to become a leading player in the smart phone industry. For this purpose, it has set up its R&D team and high volume manufacturing facility in Taiwan and aims to be a leading figure in the mobile communications industry.
Wednesday, August 5, 2009
Land Cruiser
A tipster in the Middle East has sent pics of what looks to be the area's next Toyota Land Cruiser Prado (known as the Lexus GX stateside). If it is the next version of the SUV, Toyota has gone for a massaging routine as opposed to brute force change. A reshaped front fascia contains swoopier headlights, a vertical-bar grille similar to that of the Australian model), and a raised lower bumper detail. The changes are minimal out back, with more pronounced taillamps and a unique U-shaped chrome taillamp garnish.
As the vehicle seen here is thought to be based on the same platform as the current model, it isn't clear if this is the same chassis that is expected to underpin America's next Toyota 4Runner/GX expected this Fall. In the Gulf region, Al Motor News figures that the predecessor's Toyota engines will carry over: a 2.7-liter four-cylinder and a 4.0-liter V6. The Gulf-market Lexus is also expected to get a 4.6-liter V8 engine option with 310 horsepower.
These shots were apparently taken at a dealer inventory lot, so it is assumed the Prado will be shown officially in the not-too-distant future. You can get a sneak preview for yourself in the gallery of photos below. Hat tip to Ebraheem!
Objects you do not want to see in your rear-view mirror: Hungry dinosaurs, pissed-off exes holding rifles, mushroom clouds and this guy. Indeed, you're looking at a Lexus IS-Force, an IS-F that's been converted to a cruiser for police duty in the English county of Humberside, which includes the notoriously criminally minded port city of Hull. For the past few years, Humberside bobbies have been chasing baddies in Subaru Imprezas, but the AWD cars just weren't up to the task at hand. What to replace 'em with? Here's what the cops were thinking, according to Sergeant Mike Peck:
"The Lexus was tested during a 12-month period along with similar vehicles and proved itself to be ideally suited in providing a dynamically safe high performance chassis along with an electronically stable platform for the computer equipment. In the past this equipment has placed huge demands on vehicles but the Lexus IS-F easily met with our requirements. The final product provides a most formidable package and is undoubtedly one of the most advanced police vehicles in the world which in turn enables my officers to deal with the criminals who use the roads for serious and organized crime."
We're actually a little weak-kneed at the very thought of the IS-Force's existence. 416-horsepower 5.0-liter V8s with the power to yank your license tend to have that effect. Even on crooks.
Toyota Land Cruiser Prado is a model designation used in Japan, Australia, South Africa, Middle East, Southeast Asia and Latin America as well as other parts of the world for light-duty, mid-sized four-wheel drive cars in the Toyota Land Cruiser line. They are produced by the Japanese car maker Toyota Motor Corporation. The car is marketed in many other parts of the developing world, such as the Caribbean and large parts of Africa.
In Europe it is sold as simply the Toyota Land Cruiser LC3, LC4 or LC5 (depending on the generation) or with the number series designation (LC 70, LC 90 and LC 120). In North America it is not part of the Land Cruiser range, being instead sold as the Lexus GX 470, with nearly identical body panels and a V8 engine.
The current Prado is based on Toyota's J120 platform. Previous models were based on the J70 and J90 platforms. All models designated Prado feature front independent suspension, ladder frame and a two-speed transfer case.
The Toyota Land Cruiser Prado is available in GX, GXL and VX spec versions, with either short or long wheel base. The GX is the entry level model, while the VX is the more luxurious version. In most markets it is available with either a 4.0 L petrol V6 and a 3.0 L Diesel engine. In some European countries there are commercial van variants, based on the short wheel base chassis.
As the vehicle seen here is thought to be based on the same platform as the current model, it isn't clear if this is the same chassis that is expected to underpin America's next Toyota 4Runner/GX expected this Fall. In the Gulf region, Al Motor News figures that the predecessor's Toyota engines will carry over: a 2.7-liter four-cylinder and a 4.0-liter V6. The Gulf-market Lexus is also expected to get a 4.6-liter V8 engine option with 310 horsepower.
These shots were apparently taken at a dealer inventory lot, so it is assumed the Prado will be shown officially in the not-too-distant future. You can get a sneak preview for yourself in the gallery of photos below. Hat tip to Ebraheem!
Objects you do not want to see in your rear-view mirror: Hungry dinosaurs, pissed-off exes holding rifles, mushroom clouds and this guy. Indeed, you're looking at a Lexus IS-Force, an IS-F that's been converted to a cruiser for police duty in the English county of Humberside, which includes the notoriously criminally minded port city of Hull. For the past few years, Humberside bobbies have been chasing baddies in Subaru Imprezas, but the AWD cars just weren't up to the task at hand. What to replace 'em with? Here's what the cops were thinking, according to Sergeant Mike Peck:
"The Lexus was tested during a 12-month period along with similar vehicles and proved itself to be ideally suited in providing a dynamically safe high performance chassis along with an electronically stable platform for the computer equipment. In the past this equipment has placed huge demands on vehicles but the Lexus IS-F easily met with our requirements. The final product provides a most formidable package and is undoubtedly one of the most advanced police vehicles in the world which in turn enables my officers to deal with the criminals who use the roads for serious and organized crime."
We're actually a little weak-kneed at the very thought of the IS-Force's existence. 416-horsepower 5.0-liter V8s with the power to yank your license tend to have that effect. Even on crooks.
Toyota Land Cruiser Prado is a model designation used in Japan, Australia, South Africa, Middle East, Southeast Asia and Latin America as well as other parts of the world for light-duty, mid-sized four-wheel drive cars in the Toyota Land Cruiser line. They are produced by the Japanese car maker Toyota Motor Corporation. The car is marketed in many other parts of the developing world, such as the Caribbean and large parts of Africa.
In Europe it is sold as simply the Toyota Land Cruiser LC3, LC4 or LC5 (depending on the generation) or with the number series designation (LC 70, LC 90 and LC 120). In North America it is not part of the Land Cruiser range, being instead sold as the Lexus GX 470, with nearly identical body panels and a V8 engine.
The current Prado is based on Toyota's J120 platform. Previous models were based on the J70 and J90 platforms. All models designated Prado feature front independent suspension, ladder frame and a two-speed transfer case.
The Toyota Land Cruiser Prado is available in GX, GXL and VX spec versions, with either short or long wheel base. The GX is the entry level model, while the VX is the more luxurious version. In most markets it is available with either a 4.0 L petrol V6 and a 3.0 L Diesel engine. In some European countries there are commercial van variants, based on the short wheel base chassis.
Ukindia Learn to Read Gujarati
Lesson 1
Lesson 2 ..Home.Golshani's alphabet comparison page..Download Gujarati lessons 1-11 zip (500k).. If you need an unzip program click here www.winzip.com..Asian Books If you have enjoyed doing these lessons and would like to help develop the web site further you might consider a small donation of £3 or $5 . Please send cash in envelopes ( not cheques or money orders as it costs more to process ) to Ukindia, P.O. Box 346 Nottingham , NG8 5FX. All which have an email address will be acknowledged by email. Most lessons are titled so you can save them as a bookmark. These lessons may be freely copied for non commercial use. You may get a cassette of all the words in these lessons , a Learn Gujarati in 30 days by Balaji books , a floppy disk of all the lessons and a small pocket English-Gujarati dictionary- all for $50 inclusive of postage. Send a cheque for this to P O Box 346 Nottingham UK NG85FX and email confirming your order to ukindia. Please allow 4-6 weeks for delivery Gujarati is a language of the Center West part of India. It is the language of a large part of the Indian immigrant community in East Africa , Britain and the Americas. It is also the language of the Muslim Ismaili community many of whom write in the Arabic script. It is the language of Mahatama Ghandi and of Mohammed Ali Jinnah the founder of Pakistan.
Here we will concentrate on the Indian script. It is very similar to the Hindi script and non Gujarati speakers may find it easier to do the Hindi lessons first. Gujarati does not have a line on top of the word like Hindi does and some classical Gujarati in fact is written in the Hindi script.
You may freely copy these lessons on to your web site , for non commercial uses, add sound files or modify them in any way you want - but please do mention Ukindia in them. . A copy of all these Gujarati lessons together with the images on a floppy disk and a Learn to Read Gujarati paperback book by Balaji books is available for $15 plus $10 postage . Add $10 if you want an English to Gujarati pocket dictionary. Send your cheque to Ukindia box 346 Nottingham UK . Allow 4-6 weeks for delivery.
To get to a particular lesson change the address in your browser window . For get zguj1.htm to zguj6.htm to get to Lesson 6 etc.
This is the letter M and a vowel mark aa ( as in fAther) .
See if you can read your first word in Gujarati below
The answer is
Mama ! -mother's brother.
You can make similar lessons yourself by using a Gujarati font. Open windows character map program - its in the windows directory- and copy some letters . Paste them into a windows paintbrush program using the text tool and save as a monochrome bitmap file. Open this file in thumbs or paint shop pro and save as a gif file. For really large letters you need Universal word program.
Letters M , N , R and CHH
Lets look at four letters M , N , R and CHH. M , N and R are as in English. CHH is a sound like CH in China but to make CHH instead of the tip of the tongue it is the first third of the tongue which touches the palate on top.
Vowel marks
Lets look at the letter N and how vowel marks can modify it.
The first is an accent , to be used very rarely since most people now where to lay the stress . For instance in the word stuN it would be over the N. The next is an AA sound . Then followes little i as in hit . Note that this is put before the letter eg N here but pronounced after it. Finally we have the long ee as in Neem tree.
Some more vowel marks
The first is little u as in rUth , the second is long U or OO as in NOOn , then the ae is in NAME and finally the aae sound as in to NAG
More vowel marks
the first is O as in NOTE , the second AU as in AUtumn , the third is a nasal N as in RUNG and the last is a longer nasal N as in CANT .
There are quite a few forms of R the semivowel
The first is Ri as in wRist , the second and third are just staight Rs as dRama . The next is actually pronounced before the letter , so here it is RUN and the last is another accent mark borrowed from Sanskrit and gives it an aei sound as in prataei -morning.
Now lets combine M and N and recheck the vowel marks. The vowel mark in each case is placed in between the M and the N and gives the following sound..
Dont rush this bit -go over the above figure again.
Make sure you can identify each vowel mark before moving on - the closest sounding English word is given as above.
Lets look at the vowel marks on their own Now see if you can correctly identify the marks.
check your answer
Now lets once again join M and N with a vowel mark in between which makes the word sound as follows.
Did you remember the vowel marks ? Check again.. These are the correct answers.
This is the most important lesson. If after three or four tries you can get all words correct , the rest of the lessons should be quite easy !
before ending this lessons lets see if you can read your first three sentences in Gujarati using the letters M , N , R and CHH. These have Gujarati words but after this lesson we will start with English words written in Gujarati script. At the end of each sentence is the letter chh ( sounds like the letter ch in rich ) with a short ae vowel mark. The chh sound comes from the chest while saying ch. The chhae word is Gujarati for is .
The correct answer is
Although some of the items are repeated it is important to get the vowel marks right first time. This is the end of lesson 1 . Go over it before going to the next one.
Lesson 2 ..Home.Golshani's alphabet comparison page..Download Gujarati lessons 1-11 zip (500k).. If you need an unzip program click here www.winzip.com..Asian Books If you have enjoyed doing these lessons and would like to help develop the web site further you might consider a small donation of £3 or $5 . Please send cash in envelopes ( not cheques or money orders as it costs more to process ) to Ukindia, P.O. Box 346 Nottingham , NG8 5FX. All which have an email address will be acknowledged by email. Most lessons are titled so you can save them as a bookmark. These lessons may be freely copied for non commercial use. You may get a cassette of all the words in these lessons , a Learn Gujarati in 30 days by Balaji books , a floppy disk of all the lessons and a small pocket English-Gujarati dictionary- all for $50 inclusive of postage. Send a cheque for this to P O Box 346 Nottingham UK NG85FX and email confirming your order to ukindia. Please allow 4-6 weeks for delivery Gujarati is a language of the Center West part of India. It is the language of a large part of the Indian immigrant community in East Africa , Britain and the Americas. It is also the language of the Muslim Ismaili community many of whom write in the Arabic script. It is the language of Mahatama Ghandi and of Mohammed Ali Jinnah the founder of Pakistan.
Here we will concentrate on the Indian script. It is very similar to the Hindi script and non Gujarati speakers may find it easier to do the Hindi lessons first. Gujarati does not have a line on top of the word like Hindi does and some classical Gujarati in fact is written in the Hindi script.
You may freely copy these lessons on to your web site , for non commercial uses, add sound files or modify them in any way you want - but please do mention Ukindia in them. . A copy of all these Gujarati lessons together with the images on a floppy disk and a Learn to Read Gujarati paperback book by Balaji books is available for $15 plus $10 postage . Add $10 if you want an English to Gujarati pocket dictionary. Send your cheque to Ukindia box 346 Nottingham UK . Allow 4-6 weeks for delivery.
To get to a particular lesson change the address in your browser window . For get zguj1.htm to zguj6.htm to get to Lesson 6 etc.
This is the letter M and a vowel mark aa ( as in fAther) .
See if you can read your first word in Gujarati below
The answer is
Mama ! -mother's brother.
You can make similar lessons yourself by using a Gujarati font. Open windows character map program - its in the windows directory- and copy some letters . Paste them into a windows paintbrush program using the text tool and save as a monochrome bitmap file. Open this file in thumbs or paint shop pro and save as a gif file. For really large letters you need Universal word program.
Letters M , N , R and CHH
Lets look at four letters M , N , R and CHH. M , N and R are as in English. CHH is a sound like CH in China but to make CHH instead of the tip of the tongue it is the first third of the tongue which touches the palate on top.
Vowel marks
Lets look at the letter N and how vowel marks can modify it.
The first is an accent , to be used very rarely since most people now where to lay the stress . For instance in the word stuN it would be over the N. The next is an AA sound . Then followes little i as in hit . Note that this is put before the letter eg N here but pronounced after it. Finally we have the long ee as in Neem tree.
Some more vowel marks
The first is little u as in rUth , the second is long U or OO as in NOOn , then the ae is in NAME and finally the aae sound as in to NAG
More vowel marks
the first is O as in NOTE , the second AU as in AUtumn , the third is a nasal N as in RUNG and the last is a longer nasal N as in CANT .
There are quite a few forms of R the semivowel
The first is Ri as in wRist , the second and third are just staight Rs as dRama . The next is actually pronounced before the letter , so here it is RUN and the last is another accent mark borrowed from Sanskrit and gives it an aei sound as in prataei -morning.
Now lets combine M and N and recheck the vowel marks. The vowel mark in each case is placed in between the M and the N and gives the following sound..
Dont rush this bit -go over the above figure again.
Make sure you can identify each vowel mark before moving on - the closest sounding English word is given as above.
Lets look at the vowel marks on their own Now see if you can correctly identify the marks.
check your answer
Now lets once again join M and N with a vowel mark in between which makes the word sound as follows.
Did you remember the vowel marks ? Check again.. These are the correct answers.
This is the most important lesson. If after three or four tries you can get all words correct , the rest of the lessons should be quite easy !
before ending this lessons lets see if you can read your first three sentences in Gujarati using the letters M , N , R and CHH. These have Gujarati words but after this lesson we will start with English words written in Gujarati script. At the end of each sentence is the letter chh ( sounds like the letter ch in rich ) with a short ae vowel mark. The chh sound comes from the chest while saying ch. The chhae word is Gujarati for is .
The correct answer is
Although some of the items are repeated it is important to get the vowel marks right first time. This is the end of lesson 1 . Go over it before going to the next one.
Language Tags
Abenaki: Welcome to the Abenaki Language
* Afrikaans: Learn Afrikaans Online
* Ainu: Ainu Grammar
* Albanian: Albanian World
* Albanian: Albanian Language
* Arabic: Marhaba - Welcome to the world of Arabic
* Arabic: Babel - Arabic
* Arabic: Learn to Read Arabic
* Arabic: WEB Arabic (in English and French)
* Arabic: Let's Learn Some Arabic
* Arabic: Welcome to #Arabic
* Arabic: Speak 7 (Arabic) by Salim
* Arabic: Madinah Arabic
* Arabic: Advanced Vega Society - Learn Arabic
* Arabic: Arabic Online
* Aramaic: Learn Assyrian (Syriac-Aramaic) Online
* Aramaic: Learn Assyrian Aramaic
* Armenian: Armenian Lessons Online
* Armenian: Armenian Lessons
* Armenian: Learn Armenian
* Asturian: Gramaticaa de la Llingua Asturiana
* Basque/Euskara: Basque Studies Program
* Basque/Euskara: Buber's Euskara Page
* Basque/Euskara: Euskara (In French)
* Bengali: Bengali Primer
* Bengali: Learn to Read Bengali
* Bosnian: Learn Bosnian Language
* Breton: Kervarker
* Bukharic: Bukharian Jewish Language
* Bulgarian: Learn Bulgarian
* Bulgarian: Bulgarian Grammar Drills
* Burmese: Burmese Language
* Catalan: Learning Catalan
* Catalan: Parla Català
* Cebuano: Cebuano Lessons
* Chamorro: Languages of Guam(txt)
* Chamorro: Chamorro Language
* Cherokee: Basic Cherokee
* Cherokee: Cherokee Language Lessons
* Cherokee: Cherokee Nation Cultural Resource Center
* Chichewa: Chichewa Language Materials
* Chinese: Rutgers Multimedia Chinese Teaching System
* Chinese: Conversational Mandarin Chinese Online
* Chinese: Audio Tutorial of Basic Chinese
* Chinese: Learn Chinese
* Chinese: Chinese Tools - Learn Chinese
* Chinese: Online College of Chinese Language
* Chinese: ZapChinese
* Chinese: Chinese (Mandarin) - Wikibooks
* Chinese: Linese
* Chinese: Mandarin Chinese with Serge Melnyk
* Chinese: I Love Chinese
* Chinese: ClearChinese: Learn Chinese
* Chinese: Chinese Phrases for Travelers
* Chinese: Learn Mandarin
* Chinese: World Learner Chinese
* Chinook: Chinook Jargon
* Cornish: Warlinenn - The Cornish Language Online
* Cornish: Kernewek dre Gesroesweyth
* Cree: Cree Lessons
* Creole: Kreyol Grammer: The Language Of Haiti
* Creole: Lousiana Creole Grammer
* Croatian: Serbian-Croatian Grammar Sheet
* Croatian: Learn Croatian for free
* Czech: The Little Czech Primer
* Czech: Local Lingo - a Czech Language Site
* Czech: Czech Grammar
* Dakota: The Dakota Language Homepage
* Danish: tsca's Danish Grammar
* Danish: Danish Grammar
* Danish: Speakdanish.dk
* Danish: Grammar Explorer Danish
* Dutch: Integral Dutch Course
* Dutch: Learn Dutch
* Dutch: Dutch Dutch Dutch!
* Dutch: Dutch Language Course Online
* Dutch: Dutch for Beginners
* Dutch: Online Dutch Grammar Course
* Dutch: Introduction to the Dutch Language
* Dutch: Dutch for Travelers
* Dutch: Learn Dutch
* Dutch: Dutch Today
* Dutch: 2BDutch
* Dutch: Learn Flemish/Learn Dutch
* English: EFI English for Internet
* English: English Page
* English: Practice for learners of English
* English: EF Englishtown
* English: English For All
* English: An Elementry English Grammar Book
* English: English Writing the Easy Way
* English: Learn English For Israeli Students
* English: Easy English for Russians
* English: Transitional English for Speakers of Spanish
* English: ¡Hable Inglés en sólo un año!
Spanish Lessons for English
* English: La Mansion del Ingles
Spanish Lessons for English
* Esperanto: Esperanto HyperCourse
* Esperanto: Esperanto
* Esperanto: Gerda malaperis
French lessons for Esperanto
* Esperanto: Cours Gratuit d'Espéranto
French lessons for Esperanto
* Esperanto: Lernu!
Many languages for lessons in Esperanto
* Estonian: Timm's Estonian Page
* Euskara: Buber's Euskara Page
* Finnish: The Finnish Language
* Finnish: Tavataan tass!
* Finnish: Finnish Grammar Bits
* Finnish: Introduction to Finnish
* Finnish: Ymmärrä suomea
* Finnish: Venla - Finnish for Foreigners
* French: French Lessons from Everywhere
* French: French Language Lessons
* French: French Assistant
* French: The French Tutorial
* French: About: French Language
* French: WordProf French Lessons
* French: French For Beginners
* French: RealFrench
* French: ZUT - Interactive Activities for French
* French: French Revision
* French: Learn French FREE With Loquella
* French: Cours Électronique de Français (in Portuguese)
* Frisian: Frisian Course
* Friulian: Course of Friulian
* Gaelic: Elementary Course of Gaelic
* Gaelic: Irish Gaelic Handout
* Gaelic: Irish Language Lessons
* Gaelic: Interactive Irish Lessons
* Gaelic: Learn How to Speak Irish Gaelic
* Gaelic: Interactive Irish Lessons
* Gaelic: Gaelic Course
* Gaelic: Manx Gaelic Lessons
* Galician: Curso de Galega
* German: German for Travellers
* German: Deutsche Internet Übungen
* German: Internet Handbook of German Grammar
* German: LearnPlus Deutsch 1
* German: GUT - Interactive Activities for German
* German: Deutsch lernen im Internet
* German: German for Everyone
* German: Toms Deutschseite
* Greek: Modern Greek - Advanced Level
* Greek: Greek through the Internet
* Greek: Learn to Read Greek
* Greek: Modern Greek as a foreign language
* Greek: Learn Greek Online !
* Greek: Greek Lessons
* Greek: Modern Greek Grammar
* Greek: Learn Greek
* Gujarati: UKIndia Learn Gujarati
* Gujarati: Utopian Vision Gujarati Tutorial
* Haida: Xaat K’l - The Haida Language
* Halkomelem: Salish 100
* Hawaiian: Ka `Ôlelo Hawai`i
* Hebrew: Learn to Read Hebrew
* Hebrew: Hebrew For Me
* Hebrew: Online Hebrew Tutorial
* Hebrew: Hevenu Shalom Aleikhem
* Hebrew: Biblia Hebraica
* Hebrew: Aleph-Bet on the Net
* Hebrew: Easy Hebrew/Ivrit bkalut
* Hebrew: Learn the Hebrew Alefbet the Easy Way Through Pictures
* Hebrew: Learn Hebrew
* Hebrew: Learn Hebrew Verbs
* Hiligaynon: Hiligaynon Lessons
* Hindi: Hindi Program at Penn
* Hindi: Virtual Hindi
* Hindi: Hindi at SU
* Hindi: A Door Into Hindi
* Hindi: Ukindia Learn to Read Hindi
* Hindi: Open of Course - Hindi Beginners Course
* Hmong: Hmong Lessons
* Hungarian: Hungarian Language Course
* Hungarian: Hungarian Language Lessons
* Icelandic: Icelandic Grammar Notebook
* Icelandic: Icelandic Pronunciation Guide
* Icelandic: Icelandic Online
* Igbo: Introduction To The Igbo Language
* Indonesian: SEAsite
* Indonesian: Beginning Indonesian
* Italian: Web Italian Lessons, by Lucio Chiappetti
* Italian: CyberItalian
* Italian: Italian Language Course for the Internet
* Italian: Free Italian Course for Beginners
* Italian: The Italian Electronic Classroom
* Italian: ProfessorGio
* Italian: Italian Tutorial
* Italian: Speak7 Italian
* Italian: Tutorino
* Italian: OGGI E DOMANI
* Japanese: Absolutely learn Japanese-Online
* Japanese: Kanji Study Material
* Japanese: Weekly Lesson
* Japanese: Jôyô 96
* Japanese: The Japanese Page
* Japanese: Learn Japanese - Free!
* Japanese: Learn-Japanese.net
* Japanese: Japan-Studies.com
* Japanese: Free Japanese Lessons!
* Japanese: Nihongo o Narau - Learn Japanese
* Japanese: Japanese Phrases for Travelers
* Kannada: Spoken Kannada
* Kapampangan: Kapampangan In Ten Easy Lessons
* Khmer: I Learn Khmer
* Kiribati: Kiribati Language Lessons
* Konkani: Learn Konkani
* Korean: Korean through English
* Korean: Kosnet - Korean Study Network
* Korean: Let's Learn Korean
* Korean: Learn Korean and Speak Korean
* Korean: Korean Studies at Sogang
* Koyukon: Language Lessons
* Kurdish: Kurmanji Dialect
* Kurdish: Grammar of the Kurmanji
* Kurdish: Kurdish Academy of Language
* Lao: LCW - Lao Language
* Lao: Lao Language - Interactive Lao Language Learning
* Latin: Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar
* Latin: Study Guide To Wheelock Latin
* Latin: Latin course for the Virtual School of Languages
* Latin: New Latin Grammar
* Latin: Latin: The Easy Way
* Latvian: Learning Latvian Online
* Latvian: J. Lelis - Basic Latvian I
* Latvian: Language Helpers
* Lezgi: Lezgi ch'al - Lezgi language
* Lithuanian: Lithuanian Language Club
* Lithuanian: Lithuanian Language Lessons
* Lithuanian: Online Lithuanian School DEBESËLIS
* Lithuanian: Baltic Online
* Luganda: A Primer on speaking and writing Luganda
* Malay: A basic course in Bahasa Malaysia
* Malayalam: Malayalam Language Tutor
* Maltese: srl's Maltese Grammar Page
* Maltese: Basic Maltese Grammar
* Mandinka: Mandinka Grammar Manual(pdf)
* Marathi: MarathiMitra
* Michif: Michif Language Lessons
* Mingo: Mingo-EGADS
* Mingo: Conversational Mingo Language Lessons
* Mon: A hypertext grammar of the Mon language
* Norwegian: NorWords
* Norwegian: Pa vei - interaktive oppgaver (In Norwegian)
* Norwegian: Norwegian in Five Minutes a Month
* Ojibwe: Anishnaabe Kidwinan(pdf)
* Oneida: Oneida Language Revitalization Program
* Pali: On-Line Pali Course
* Papiamentu: Papiamentu - Papiamento
* Persian: Persian is Sugar!
* Persian: Easy Persian
* Polish: A Course of the Polish Language
* Polish: Learn Polish
* Polish: Univ. of Pittsburgh: Polish Language Website
* Portuguese: Brazilian Portuguese
* Portuguese: Short Portuguese Lessons
* Portuguese: Portuguese Online
* Portuguese: De Tudo Um Pouco
* Portuguese: EasyPortuguese
* Portuguese: Simply Put Portuguese
* Portuguese: Portugisisk Grammatik (In Danish)
* Portuguese: sonia-portuguese.com
* Punjabi: UKIndia How to Read Punjabi
* Punjabi: Learn Punjabi
* Quechua: Quechua Language Homepage
* Quechua: Curso de Quechua
* Quechua: Basic Quechua Lessons
* Romanian: Romanian Lessons
* Romanian: Romanian Lessons
* Romanian: Learn Romanian Today!
* Rotuman: Rotuman Language Lessons (pdf)
* Russian: Russian Language in Pictures
* Russian: Learn to Read Russian
* Russian: Textbook Of The Russian Language
* Russian: Russnet Online Language Learning Resources
* Russian: RusLang.com
* Russian: Learn Russian Language
* Russian: A Course of Russian Language in Spanish
* Russian: Learn Russian with Russian radio DJ
* Russian: Russian Lessons Net
* Russian: Open of Course - Russian for Beginners
* Russian: Listen 2 Russian
* Russian: Learn and Practice Russian Online
* Samoan: Samoan Language
* Sanskrit: Ukindia Learn Sanskrit
* Sanskrit: Acharya - Learn Sanskrit through self-study
* Sesotho: Sesotho Language Course
* Serbian: Serbo-Croat Language
* Serbian: Serbian School
* Sicilian: Sicilian Language Course Online
* Slovak: Slovak for Beginners
* Slovenian: Slovenian Language: Easy Basics
* Sinhala: Let's Speak Sinhala
* Somali: Beginning English For Somali Speakers
* Spanish: Web Spanish Lessons, by Tyler Jones
* Spanish: Ejercicios de lengua española
* Spanish: Spanish Course for Beginners
* Spanish: Learn Spanish
* Spanish: Learn Spanish: Free Online Tutorial
* Spanish: Learn Spanish
* Spanish: LearnPlus Español 1
* Spanish: e Learn Spanish Language
* Spanish: Spanish Unlimited
* Spanish: Learn Spanish Online
* Spanish: SpanishTown Spanish Resources
* Spanish: TODO-CLARO (in English and German)
* Spanish: SpaniCity
* Spanish: Speak 7 (Spanish)
* Spanish: Cela Spanish Lessons
* Spanish: Spanish for Everyone
* Spanish: My Spanish Teacher
* Spanish: Learn Spanish with audio and transliterations
* Spanish: Mansion Spanish
* Spanish: Advanced Vega Society - Learn Spanish
* Spanish: Open of Course - Spanish Beginners Course
* Spanish: Learn Spanish Faster
* Spanish: Loquella - Learn Spanish Free Online
* Spanish: LanguageExercises.com
* Spanish: 123 TeachMe
* Spanish: Languages 4 Free
* Swahili: Kiswahili Home Page
* Swahili: Useful Swahili
* Swahili: Swahili Study Aids
* Swedish: Swedish Language Course
* Swedish: SSE - Introduction to Swedish
* Swedish: Björn Engdahl's Swedish Course
* Swedish: Stugan
* Tagalog: Tagalog Language Homepage
* Tamil: Learn to Read Tamil
* Tamil: Learn Tamil (pdf)
* Tamil: Thamil Paadanool - Learn Tamil
* Tamil: Learn Tamil Through English
* Tamil: Learn Tamil Through English (Primary)
* Telugu: Learn Spoken Telugu
* Telugu: Online Telugu Tutor
* Tibetan: Learn Tibetan
* Tibetan: The Tibetan Language Student
* Tibetan: The Tibetan Language Student
* Tigrigna: Tigrigna Language Lessons
* Thai: Thai Language Page
* Thai: Thai Homepage
* Thai: Learning Thai Language the Easy Way!
* Thai: Langhub Learning Thai
* Thai: Franco-Thai (Thai for French speakers)
* Turkish: Turkish Lessons
* Turkish: Turkce2020 Grammar Vocabulary
* Turkish: OnlineTurkish
* Turkish: Turkish Language Class
* Turkish: Totally Turkish
* Turkish: Dershane.nl (In Dutch)
* Tzotzil: Sk'op Sotz'leb
* Urdu: Learn to Read Urdu
* Uzbek: Uzbek lessons - UniLang Wiki
* Vietnamese: Spoken Vietnamese For Beginners
* Vietnamese: EVietnamese Group
* Waray-Waray: Waray Lessons (pdf)
* Welsh: A Welsh Course
* Welsh: Catchphrase Lessons
* Wollof: Wollof Grammar Manual (pdf)
* Xhosa: Lessons in Xhosa
* Afrikaans: Learn Afrikaans Online
* Ainu: Ainu Grammar
* Albanian: Albanian World
* Albanian: Albanian Language
* Arabic: Marhaba - Welcome to the world of Arabic
* Arabic: Babel - Arabic
* Arabic: Learn to Read Arabic
* Arabic: WEB Arabic (in English and French)
* Arabic: Let's Learn Some Arabic
* Arabic: Welcome to #Arabic
* Arabic: Speak 7 (Arabic) by Salim
* Arabic: Madinah Arabic
* Arabic: Advanced Vega Society - Learn Arabic
* Arabic: Arabic Online
* Aramaic: Learn Assyrian (Syriac-Aramaic) Online
* Aramaic: Learn Assyrian Aramaic
* Armenian: Armenian Lessons Online
* Armenian: Armenian Lessons
* Armenian: Learn Armenian
* Asturian: Gramaticaa de la Llingua Asturiana
* Basque/Euskara: Basque Studies Program
* Basque/Euskara: Buber's Euskara Page
* Basque/Euskara: Euskara (In French)
* Bengali: Bengali Primer
* Bengali: Learn to Read Bengali
* Bosnian: Learn Bosnian Language
* Breton: Kervarker
* Bukharic: Bukharian Jewish Language
* Bulgarian: Learn Bulgarian
* Bulgarian: Bulgarian Grammar Drills
* Burmese: Burmese Language
* Catalan: Learning Catalan
* Catalan: Parla Català
* Cebuano: Cebuano Lessons
* Chamorro: Languages of Guam(txt)
* Chamorro: Chamorro Language
* Cherokee: Basic Cherokee
* Cherokee: Cherokee Language Lessons
* Cherokee: Cherokee Nation Cultural Resource Center
* Chichewa: Chichewa Language Materials
* Chinese: Rutgers Multimedia Chinese Teaching System
* Chinese: Conversational Mandarin Chinese Online
* Chinese: Audio Tutorial of Basic Chinese
* Chinese: Learn Chinese
* Chinese: Chinese Tools - Learn Chinese
* Chinese: Online College of Chinese Language
* Chinese: ZapChinese
* Chinese: Chinese (Mandarin) - Wikibooks
* Chinese: Linese
* Chinese: Mandarin Chinese with Serge Melnyk
* Chinese: I Love Chinese
* Chinese: ClearChinese: Learn Chinese
* Chinese: Chinese Phrases for Travelers
* Chinese: Learn Mandarin
* Chinese: World Learner Chinese
* Chinook: Chinook Jargon
* Cornish: Warlinenn - The Cornish Language Online
* Cornish: Kernewek dre Gesroesweyth
* Cree: Cree Lessons
* Creole: Kreyol Grammer: The Language Of Haiti
* Creole: Lousiana Creole Grammer
* Croatian: Serbian-Croatian Grammar Sheet
* Croatian: Learn Croatian for free
* Czech: The Little Czech Primer
* Czech: Local Lingo - a Czech Language Site
* Czech: Czech Grammar
* Dakota: The Dakota Language Homepage
* Danish: tsca's Danish Grammar
* Danish: Danish Grammar
* Danish: Speakdanish.dk
* Danish: Grammar Explorer Danish
* Dutch: Integral Dutch Course
* Dutch: Learn Dutch
* Dutch: Dutch Dutch Dutch!
* Dutch: Dutch Language Course Online
* Dutch: Dutch for Beginners
* Dutch: Online Dutch Grammar Course
* Dutch: Introduction to the Dutch Language
* Dutch: Dutch for Travelers
* Dutch: Learn Dutch
* Dutch: Dutch Today
* Dutch: 2BDutch
* Dutch: Learn Flemish/Learn Dutch
* English: EFI English for Internet
* English: English Page
* English: Practice for learners of English
* English: EF Englishtown
* English: English For All
* English: An Elementry English Grammar Book
* English: English Writing the Easy Way
* English: Learn English For Israeli Students
* English: Easy English for Russians
* English: Transitional English for Speakers of Spanish
* English: ¡Hable Inglés en sólo un año!
Spanish Lessons for English
* English: La Mansion del Ingles
Spanish Lessons for English
* Esperanto: Esperanto HyperCourse
* Esperanto: Esperanto
* Esperanto: Gerda malaperis
French lessons for Esperanto
* Esperanto: Cours Gratuit d'Espéranto
French lessons for Esperanto
* Esperanto: Lernu!
Many languages for lessons in Esperanto
* Estonian: Timm's Estonian Page
* Euskara: Buber's Euskara Page
* Finnish: The Finnish Language
* Finnish: Tavataan tass!
* Finnish: Finnish Grammar Bits
* Finnish: Introduction to Finnish
* Finnish: Ymmärrä suomea
* Finnish: Venla - Finnish for Foreigners
* French: French Lessons from Everywhere
* French: French Language Lessons
* French: French Assistant
* French: The French Tutorial
* French: About: French Language
* French: WordProf French Lessons
* French: French For Beginners
* French: RealFrench
* French: ZUT - Interactive Activities for French
* French: French Revision
* French: Learn French FREE With Loquella
* French: Cours Électronique de Français (in Portuguese)
* Frisian: Frisian Course
* Friulian: Course of Friulian
* Gaelic: Elementary Course of Gaelic
* Gaelic: Irish Gaelic Handout
* Gaelic: Irish Language Lessons
* Gaelic: Interactive Irish Lessons
* Gaelic: Learn How to Speak Irish Gaelic
* Gaelic: Interactive Irish Lessons
* Gaelic: Gaelic Course
* Gaelic: Manx Gaelic Lessons
* Galician: Curso de Galega
* German: German for Travellers
* German: Deutsche Internet Übungen
* German: Internet Handbook of German Grammar
* German: LearnPlus Deutsch 1
* German: GUT - Interactive Activities for German
* German: Deutsch lernen im Internet
* German: German for Everyone
* German: Toms Deutschseite
* Greek: Modern Greek - Advanced Level
* Greek: Greek through the Internet
* Greek: Learn to Read Greek
* Greek: Modern Greek as a foreign language
* Greek: Learn Greek Online !
* Greek: Greek Lessons
* Greek: Modern Greek Grammar
* Greek: Learn Greek
* Gujarati: UKIndia Learn Gujarati
* Gujarati: Utopian Vision Gujarati Tutorial
* Haida: Xaat K’l - The Haida Language
* Halkomelem: Salish 100
* Hawaiian: Ka `Ôlelo Hawai`i
* Hebrew: Learn to Read Hebrew
* Hebrew: Hebrew For Me
* Hebrew: Online Hebrew Tutorial
* Hebrew: Hevenu Shalom Aleikhem
* Hebrew: Biblia Hebraica
* Hebrew: Aleph-Bet on the Net
* Hebrew: Easy Hebrew/Ivrit bkalut
* Hebrew: Learn the Hebrew Alefbet the Easy Way Through Pictures
* Hebrew: Learn Hebrew
* Hebrew: Learn Hebrew Verbs
* Hiligaynon: Hiligaynon Lessons
* Hindi: Hindi Program at Penn
* Hindi: Virtual Hindi
* Hindi: Hindi at SU
* Hindi: A Door Into Hindi
* Hindi: Ukindia Learn to Read Hindi
* Hindi: Open of Course - Hindi Beginners Course
* Hmong: Hmong Lessons
* Hungarian: Hungarian Language Course
* Hungarian: Hungarian Language Lessons
* Icelandic: Icelandic Grammar Notebook
* Icelandic: Icelandic Pronunciation Guide
* Icelandic: Icelandic Online
* Igbo: Introduction To The Igbo Language
* Indonesian: SEAsite
* Indonesian: Beginning Indonesian
* Italian: Web Italian Lessons, by Lucio Chiappetti
* Italian: CyberItalian
* Italian: Italian Language Course for the Internet
* Italian: Free Italian Course for Beginners
* Italian: The Italian Electronic Classroom
* Italian: ProfessorGio
* Italian: Italian Tutorial
* Italian: Speak7 Italian
* Italian: Tutorino
* Italian: OGGI E DOMANI
* Japanese: Absolutely learn Japanese-Online
* Japanese: Kanji Study Material
* Japanese: Weekly Lesson
* Japanese: Jôyô 96
* Japanese: The Japanese Page
* Japanese: Learn Japanese - Free!
* Japanese: Learn-Japanese.net
* Japanese: Japan-Studies.com
* Japanese: Free Japanese Lessons!
* Japanese: Nihongo o Narau - Learn Japanese
* Japanese: Japanese Phrases for Travelers
* Kannada: Spoken Kannada
* Kapampangan: Kapampangan In Ten Easy Lessons
* Khmer: I Learn Khmer
* Kiribati: Kiribati Language Lessons
* Konkani: Learn Konkani
* Korean: Korean through English
* Korean: Kosnet - Korean Study Network
* Korean: Let's Learn Korean
* Korean: Learn Korean and Speak Korean
* Korean: Korean Studies at Sogang
* Koyukon: Language Lessons
* Kurdish: Kurmanji Dialect
* Kurdish: Grammar of the Kurmanji
* Kurdish: Kurdish Academy of Language
* Lao: LCW - Lao Language
* Lao: Lao Language - Interactive Lao Language Learning
* Latin: Allen and Greenough's New Latin Grammar
* Latin: Study Guide To Wheelock Latin
* Latin: Latin course for the Virtual School of Languages
* Latin: New Latin Grammar
* Latin: Latin: The Easy Way
* Latvian: Learning Latvian Online
* Latvian: J. Lelis - Basic Latvian I
* Latvian: Language Helpers
* Lezgi: Lezgi ch'al - Lezgi language
* Lithuanian: Lithuanian Language Club
* Lithuanian: Lithuanian Language Lessons
* Lithuanian: Online Lithuanian School DEBESËLIS
* Lithuanian: Baltic Online
* Luganda: A Primer on speaking and writing Luganda
* Malay: A basic course in Bahasa Malaysia
* Malayalam: Malayalam Language Tutor
* Maltese: srl's Maltese Grammar Page
* Maltese: Basic Maltese Grammar
* Mandinka: Mandinka Grammar Manual(pdf)
* Marathi: MarathiMitra
* Michif: Michif Language Lessons
* Mingo: Mingo-EGADS
* Mingo: Conversational Mingo Language Lessons
* Mon: A hypertext grammar of the Mon language
* Norwegian: NorWords
* Norwegian: Pa vei - interaktive oppgaver (In Norwegian)
* Norwegian: Norwegian in Five Minutes a Month
* Ojibwe: Anishnaabe Kidwinan(pdf)
* Oneida: Oneida Language Revitalization Program
* Pali: On-Line Pali Course
* Papiamentu: Papiamentu - Papiamento
* Persian: Persian is Sugar!
* Persian: Easy Persian
* Polish: A Course of the Polish Language
* Polish: Learn Polish
* Polish: Univ. of Pittsburgh: Polish Language Website
* Portuguese: Brazilian Portuguese
* Portuguese: Short Portuguese Lessons
* Portuguese: Portuguese Online
* Portuguese: De Tudo Um Pouco
* Portuguese: EasyPortuguese
* Portuguese: Simply Put Portuguese
* Portuguese: Portugisisk Grammatik (In Danish)
* Portuguese: sonia-portuguese.com
* Punjabi: UKIndia How to Read Punjabi
* Punjabi: Learn Punjabi
* Quechua: Quechua Language Homepage
* Quechua: Curso de Quechua
* Quechua: Basic Quechua Lessons
* Romanian: Romanian Lessons
* Romanian: Romanian Lessons
* Romanian: Learn Romanian Today!
* Rotuman: Rotuman Language Lessons (pdf)
* Russian: Russian Language in Pictures
* Russian: Learn to Read Russian
* Russian: Textbook Of The Russian Language
* Russian: Russnet Online Language Learning Resources
* Russian: RusLang.com
* Russian: Learn Russian Language
* Russian: A Course of Russian Language in Spanish
* Russian: Learn Russian with Russian radio DJ
* Russian: Russian Lessons Net
* Russian: Open of Course - Russian for Beginners
* Russian: Listen 2 Russian
* Russian: Learn and Practice Russian Online
* Samoan: Samoan Language
* Sanskrit: Ukindia Learn Sanskrit
* Sanskrit: Acharya - Learn Sanskrit through self-study
* Sesotho: Sesotho Language Course
* Serbian: Serbo-Croat Language
* Serbian: Serbian School
* Sicilian: Sicilian Language Course Online
* Slovak: Slovak for Beginners
* Slovenian: Slovenian Language: Easy Basics
* Sinhala: Let's Speak Sinhala
* Somali: Beginning English For Somali Speakers
* Spanish: Web Spanish Lessons, by Tyler Jones
* Spanish: Ejercicios de lengua española
* Spanish: Spanish Course for Beginners
* Spanish: Learn Spanish
* Spanish: Learn Spanish: Free Online Tutorial
* Spanish: Learn Spanish
* Spanish: LearnPlus Español 1
* Spanish: e Learn Spanish Language
* Spanish: Spanish Unlimited
* Spanish: Learn Spanish Online
* Spanish: SpanishTown Spanish Resources
* Spanish: TODO-CLARO (in English and German)
* Spanish: SpaniCity
* Spanish: Speak 7 (Spanish)
* Spanish: Cela Spanish Lessons
* Spanish: Spanish for Everyone
* Spanish: My Spanish Teacher
* Spanish: Learn Spanish with audio and transliterations
* Spanish: Mansion Spanish
* Spanish: Advanced Vega Society - Learn Spanish
* Spanish: Open of Course - Spanish Beginners Course
* Spanish: Learn Spanish Faster
* Spanish: Loquella - Learn Spanish Free Online
* Spanish: LanguageExercises.com
* Spanish: 123 TeachMe
* Spanish: Languages 4 Free
* Swahili: Kiswahili Home Page
* Swahili: Useful Swahili
* Swahili: Swahili Study Aids
* Swedish: Swedish Language Course
* Swedish: SSE - Introduction to Swedish
* Swedish: Björn Engdahl's Swedish Course
* Swedish: Stugan
* Tagalog: Tagalog Language Homepage
* Tamil: Learn to Read Tamil
* Tamil: Learn Tamil (pdf)
* Tamil: Thamil Paadanool - Learn Tamil
* Tamil: Learn Tamil Through English
* Tamil: Learn Tamil Through English (Primary)
* Telugu: Learn Spoken Telugu
* Telugu: Online Telugu Tutor
* Tibetan: Learn Tibetan
* Tibetan: The Tibetan Language Student
* Tibetan: The Tibetan Language Student
* Tigrigna: Tigrigna Language Lessons
* Thai: Thai Language Page
* Thai: Thai Homepage
* Thai: Learning Thai Language the Easy Way!
* Thai: Langhub Learning Thai
* Thai: Franco-Thai (Thai for French speakers)
* Turkish: Turkish Lessons
* Turkish: Turkce2020 Grammar Vocabulary
* Turkish: OnlineTurkish
* Turkish: Turkish Language Class
* Turkish: Totally Turkish
* Turkish: Dershane.nl (In Dutch)
* Tzotzil: Sk'op Sotz'leb
* Urdu: Learn to Read Urdu
* Uzbek: Uzbek lessons - UniLang Wiki
* Vietnamese: Spoken Vietnamese For Beginners
* Vietnamese: EVietnamese Group
* Waray-Waray: Waray Lessons (pdf)
* Welsh: A Welsh Course
* Welsh: Catchphrase Lessons
* Wollof: Wollof Grammar Manual (pdf)
* Xhosa: Lessons in Xhosa
Word2Word
Word2Word is pleased to provide these links in the hope of all people developing a better understanding of others through the use of language. We have attempted to place as many online courses at your disposal as possible. These sites contain lessons to help learn one language from another. The courses vary in quality and the quantity of material presented. Please note that some of the courses may require your browser to have the ability to read the language being learned. The links we provide are to free resources. If you are a business and would like to be a sponsor of this site or you find any bad links or new useful links then please contact us from the appropriate address on our How To Contact Us webpage.
bri⋅oche
/ˈbrioʊʃ, -ɒʃ; Fr. briˈɔʃ/ Show Spelled Pronunciation [bree-ohsh, -osh; Fr. bree-awsh] Show IPA
Use brioche in a Sentence
–noun, plural -och⋅es /-oʊʃɪz, -ɒʃɪz; Fr. -ˈɔʃ/ Show Spelled Pronunciation [-oh-shiz, -osh-iz; Fr. -awsh] Show IPA .
a light, sweet bun or roll made with eggs, yeast, and butter.
Origin:
1820–30; < F, MF (Norman dial.), equiv. to bri(er) to knead (< Gmc; see break ) + -oche n. suffix
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
Cite This Source
|
Link To brioche
Ventre Plat
Téléchargez la Recette Secrète pour Mincir en 4 Ingrédients. Gratuit !
www.programme-manger-mincir.com/
recette cuisine minceur
Comment choisir les recettes efficaces pour perdre du poids
Sponsored Results
www.mincir-vite.biz
bri·oche (brē-ôsh', -ōsh')
(click for larger image in new window)
n. A soft, light-textured bread made from eggs, butter, flour, and yeast and formed into a roll or a bun.
[French, from Old French, from broyer, brier, to knead, of Germanic origin; see bhreg- in Indo-European roots.]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
Cite This Source
Use brioche in a Sentence
–noun, plural -och⋅es /-oʊʃɪz, -ɒʃɪz; Fr. -ˈɔʃ/ Show Spelled Pronunciation [-oh-shiz, -osh-iz; Fr. -awsh] Show IPA .
a light, sweet bun or roll made with eggs, yeast, and butter.
Origin:
1820–30; < F, MF (Norman dial.), equiv. to bri(er) to knead (< Gmc; see break ) + -oche n. suffix
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
Cite This Source
|
Link To brioche
Ventre Plat
Téléchargez la Recette Secrète pour Mincir en 4 Ingrédients. Gratuit !
www.programme-manger-mincir.com/
recette cuisine minceur
Comment choisir les recettes efficaces pour perdre du poids
Sponsored Results
www.mincir-vite.biz
bri·oche (brē-ôsh', -ōsh')
(click for larger image in new window)
n. A soft, light-textured bread made from eggs, butter, flour, and yeast and formed into a roll or a bun.
[French, from Old French, from broyer, brier, to knead, of Germanic origin; see bhreg- in Indo-European roots.]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
Cite This Source
Online Dictionaries and Translators
Online Dictionaries and Translators
** Links to free online dictionaries are below ** ... Word2Word is pleased to provide these dictionary links in the hope of all people developing a better understanding of others through the use of language. We have attempted to place as many online dictionaries at your disposal as possible.
www.word2word.com/dictionary.html
Language Learning with Livemocha | Learn a Language Online - Free!
Livemocha is the world’s most popular language learning site. With 2 million members it is the most effective way to learn a language. Take online lessons, practice with native speakers using our innovative language learning software, and learn to speak a foreign language today! ... Social Language Learning - Online!
www.livemocha.com/
Free or Affordable Distance / Online Language Courses and Tutorials
Follow links to free and affordable online language courses, tips, books, and tutorials and learn how to speak, understand, and write in a new or second language. ... Free or affordable distance and online Language courses, tutorials, how-to articles, books, tips, and resources.
www.docnmail.com/learnmore/language.htm www.docnmail.com/learnmore/language.htm
Free Online Language Courses from the BBC
Free Online Language Courses from the BBC Archived From: Free Stuff ... Sign up for free today, because you don't want to miss out on any more cash back than you already have! There are currently 1,181,155 people just like you registered to earn Cash Back From FatWallet. Be the next!
www.fatwallet.com/t/22/724758
Free online language courses from Foreign Service Institute
Free online language courses from Foreign Service Institute Archived From: Free Stuff ... Web site FSI Language courses scans and rips the foreign language courses created by the Foreign Services Institute (the main training facility for American Foreign Service Officers and personnel), making them available for free...
www.fatwallet.com/t/22/646006
Free Online Foreign Language Courses » My Money Blog
Course Notes - The Best Courses Online » Blog Archive » Free Language Courses Says: December 27th, 2006 at 2:39 am ... [...] A blog posted at mymoneyblog.com even proposed a free language course program at FSI Language Courses.? This project, which is supported by the government of America, is also available through...
www.mymoneyblog.com/archives/2006/11/free-online-foreig... www.mymoneyblog.com/archives/2006/11/free-online-foreign-language-courses.html
Free Online Language Courses
free online classes ... More No-Cost Language Courses ... French Language Correspondence Courses and Distance Learning...
distancelearn.about.com/od/onlinecourses/a/freelanguage... distancelearn.about.com/od/onlinecourses/a/freelanguage.htm
Education World® : Site Reviews: Free Online Language
The site is divided into listings for online language courses, from Arabic to Welsh (even includes Esperanto), online dictionaries (these range from Afrikaans to Zulu) and online language chat forums for conversing in other languages. ... Free Information; APUS; Online Degree; For Educators; NEA Members Online;
www.education-world.com/awards/past/r0797-06.shtml
FSI Language Courses
Downloadable versions of language courses from the Foreign Service Institute. ... Welcome to fsi-language-courses.com, the home for language courses developed by the Foreign Service Institute. These courses were developed by the United States government and are in the public domain.
www.fsi-language-courses.com/
** Links to free online dictionaries are below ** ... Word2Word is pleased to provide these dictionary links in the hope of all people developing a better understanding of others through the use of language. We have attempted to place as many online dictionaries at your disposal as possible.
www.word2word.com/dictionary.html
Language Learning with Livemocha | Learn a Language Online - Free!
Livemocha is the world’s most popular language learning site. With 2 million members it is the most effective way to learn a language. Take online lessons, practice with native speakers using our innovative language learning software, and learn to speak a foreign language today! ... Social Language Learning - Online!
www.livemocha.com/
Free or Affordable Distance / Online Language Courses and Tutorials
Follow links to free and affordable online language courses, tips, books, and tutorials and learn how to speak, understand, and write in a new or second language. ... Free or affordable distance and online Language courses, tutorials, how-to articles, books, tips, and resources.
www.docnmail.com/learnmore/language.htm www.docnmail.com/learnmore/language.htm
Free Online Language Courses from the BBC
Free Online Language Courses from the BBC Archived From: Free Stuff ... Sign up for free today, because you don't want to miss out on any more cash back than you already have! There are currently 1,181,155 people just like you registered to earn Cash Back From FatWallet. Be the next!
www.fatwallet.com/t/22/724758
Free online language courses from Foreign Service Institute
Free online language courses from Foreign Service Institute Archived From: Free Stuff ... Web site FSI Language courses scans and rips the foreign language courses created by the Foreign Services Institute (the main training facility for American Foreign Service Officers and personnel), making them available for free...
www.fatwallet.com/t/22/646006
Free Online Foreign Language Courses » My Money Blog
Course Notes - The Best Courses Online » Blog Archive » Free Language Courses Says: December 27th, 2006 at 2:39 am ... [...] A blog posted at mymoneyblog.com even proposed a free language course program at FSI Language Courses.? This project, which is supported by the government of America, is also available through...
www.mymoneyblog.com/archives/2006/11/free-online-foreig... www.mymoneyblog.com/archives/2006/11/free-online-foreign-language-courses.html
Free Online Language Courses
free online classes ... More No-Cost Language Courses ... French Language Correspondence Courses and Distance Learning...
distancelearn.about.com/od/onlinecourses/a/freelanguage... distancelearn.about.com/od/onlinecourses/a/freelanguage.htm
Education World® : Site Reviews: Free Online Language
The site is divided into listings for online language courses, from Arabic to Welsh (even includes Esperanto), online dictionaries (these range from Afrikaans to Zulu) and online language chat forums for conversing in other languages. ... Free Information; APUS; Online Degree; For Educators; NEA Members Online;
www.education-world.com/awards/past/r0797-06.shtml
FSI Language Courses
Downloadable versions of language courses from the Foreign Service Institute. ... Welcome to fsi-language-courses.com, the home for language courses developed by the Foreign Service Institute. These courses were developed by the United States government and are in the public domain.
www.fsi-language-courses.com/
bri⋅o
bri⋅o
/ˈbrioʊ; It. ˈbriɔ/ Show Spelled Pronunciation [bree-oh; It. bree-aw] Show IPA
Use brio in a Sentence
–noun
vigor; vivacity.
Origin:
1725–35; < It < Sp brío energy, determination < Celtic *brīgos; cf. OIr bríg (fem.) power, strength, force, Middle Welsh bri (masc.) honor, dignity, authority
Dictionary.com Unabridged
Based on the Random House Dictionary, © Random House, Inc. 2009.
Cite This Source
|
Link To brio
Explore the Visual Thesaurus »
Related Words for : brio
animation, invigoration, spiritedness, vivification
View more related words »
Oracle OpenWorld 2009
Register Now for Oracle OpenWorld October 11-15 at SF Moscone Center
www.oracle.com/openworld
bri·o (brē'ō)
n. Vigor; vivacity: "She tells their story with brio and a mixture of sympathy and tart insight" (Michiko Kakutani).
[Italian, from Spanish brio or Provençal briu, both of Celtic origin; see gwerə-1 in Indo-European roots.]
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition
Copyright © 2009 by Houghton Mifflin Company.
Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
Cite This Source
Word Origin & History
brio
"liveliness, vivacity," 1734, from It., lit. "mettle, fire, life," perhaps an aphetic derivative of L. ebrius "drunk." Or via Prov. briu "vigor," from Celt. *brig-o- "strength." Probably entered Eng. via musical instruction con brio.
Forex Strategy Builder
Forex Strategy Builder is a visual forex strategy back tester. It uses combinations of technical indicators and logic rules to simulate a trading process with historical forex rates. An included automatic strategy generator enables you to compose a profitable strategy. An optimizer, an intraday scanner, a bar explorer and an interpolation methods comparator are included to improve the quality of your forex strategy development. Custom indicators, multicurrency strategies and out of sample testing capabilities are also included in this free forex software.
Forex Strategy Builder screenshot
Reliable Backtesting
It is possible for a trading system to show excellent results in the historical test but fail badly on the real market. Some reasons could be faulty back test, over-optimization or tricky indicators. Forex Strategy Builder easily recognizes those pitfalls of testing trading systems. It notices all ambiguous bars in the back test and finds the average balance line between all possible market scenarios.
Most importantly Forex Strategy Builder allows novice traders to gain forex experience and learn how to use different logic rules and parameters without risking their savings. When you feel confident in your trading skills and your forex strategies you can apply them on the real market.
Main Goal
Our goal with Forex Strategy Builder is to provide a reliable free tool for testing trading strategies based on actual historical data. We want to incorporate the most common methods of technical analysis and great variety of technical indicators in just one program and yet keep it as simple as possible. In the last few years we've extended the list of indicators to almost 100 and we've added many useful tools for all forex traders.
Constant Improvement
The reason we have been developing so rapidly is that we receive constant feedback from the Forex Strategy Builder users whose suggestions have been used to direct all future development of the software.
The main reason we have been evolving so rapidly is that we receive constant feedback from the Forex Strategy Builder users whose suggestions have been directing the development of the software. The constant dialog with tens of thousands of users helps us to improve the program and make it even easier to use. So feel free to share your opinion and you might see your suggestions implemented in the future versions of Forex Strategy Builder.
Free Forex Software
Forex Strategy Builder is absolutely free. It is not necessary to pay money or to make any registration. You can start testing your trading strategies with historical market data right now.
If you need more info about the program see the overview page.
Visit the Forex Strategy Builder download page in order to see the system requirements, installation hints, download links, and other useful information.
Forex Strategy Builder screenshot
Reliable Backtesting
It is possible for a trading system to show excellent results in the historical test but fail badly on the real market. Some reasons could be faulty back test, over-optimization or tricky indicators. Forex Strategy Builder easily recognizes those pitfalls of testing trading systems. It notices all ambiguous bars in the back test and finds the average balance line between all possible market scenarios.
Most importantly Forex Strategy Builder allows novice traders to gain forex experience and learn how to use different logic rules and parameters without risking their savings. When you feel confident in your trading skills and your forex strategies you can apply them on the real market.
Main Goal
Our goal with Forex Strategy Builder is to provide a reliable free tool for testing trading strategies based on actual historical data. We want to incorporate the most common methods of technical analysis and great variety of technical indicators in just one program and yet keep it as simple as possible. In the last few years we've extended the list of indicators to almost 100 and we've added many useful tools for all forex traders.
Constant Improvement
The reason we have been developing so rapidly is that we receive constant feedback from the Forex Strategy Builder users whose suggestions have been used to direct all future development of the software.
The main reason we have been evolving so rapidly is that we receive constant feedback from the Forex Strategy Builder users whose suggestions have been directing the development of the software. The constant dialog with tens of thousands of users helps us to improve the program and make it even easier to use. So feel free to share your opinion and you might see your suggestions implemented in the future versions of Forex Strategy Builder.
Free Forex Software
Forex Strategy Builder is absolutely free. It is not necessary to pay money or to make any registration. You can start testing your trading strategies with historical market data right now.
If you need more info about the program see the overview page.
Visit the Forex Strategy Builder download page in order to see the system requirements, installation hints, download links, and other useful information.
Forex Info
Mba Flourish from Nigeria writes about LiteForex:
i think all who raised a negative voice about this broker are their competitor, as for me and my people using Liteforex in Nigeria? we have no bit regret. The customer support is better and withdrawal are made easy.
Andy from Singapore writes about Ava FX:
Recently they introduce the AutoTrader System. The system will let you win in the early stage. But after a few trades all your money will be lost. And the worst is they can tell you that the autotrader can perform manual trade but the response is dam...
jonno from australia writes about GOMarkets:
I must admit I don't agree, I have been trading with go succesfully since december. Robots are working well and my account manager seems like he knows what he is talking about
Latest Forex News
Pound Continues Rally Versus Euro and Dollar
Wed, 05 Aug 2009 11:18
The pound is gaining again versus the euro and the dollar as services industry grew and U.K manufacturing jump beyond expectations in July, pushing the pound to the highest level in 9 months.
Finance Minister Halts Canadian Dollar Rally
Wed, 05 Aug 2009 10:27
The Canadian dollar, which has gaining heavily versus several most traded currencies, finally stopped its rally after the national Finance Minister affirmed that eventual measures may be taken to damp the rising demand for the loonie, which is already jeopardizing Canadian exports.
Israel’s Sheqel Falls on Dollar Purchase Speculations
Tue, 04 Aug 2009 21:21
The Israeli currency had the sharpest fall in 4 months today as the government is likely to increase a dollar purchasing program to stimulate the national currency.
Will the Pound Rebound to Pre-Crisis Levels?
Tue, 04 Aug 2009 21:04
The pound posted today a positive performance versus the U.S. dollar bringing the British currency to the highest levels in more than 9 months, leaving speculations of an eventual rebound for the Great Britain currency.
Latest Glossary Entries
VPS (Virtual Private Server) — virtual environment hosted on the dedicated server, which can be used to run the programs independent on the user's PC. Forex traders use VPS to host trading platforms and run expert advisors without unexpected interruptions.
Standard Lot — 100,000 units of the base currency of the currency pair, which you are buying or selling.
Swap — overnight payment for holding your position. Since you are not physically receiving the currency you buy, your broker should pay you the interest rate difference between the two currencies of the pair. It can be negative or positive.
i think all who raised a negative voice about this broker are their competitor, as for me and my people using Liteforex in Nigeria? we have no bit regret. The customer support is better and withdrawal are made easy.
Andy from Singapore writes about Ava FX:
Recently they introduce the AutoTrader System. The system will let you win in the early stage. But after a few trades all your money will be lost. And the worst is they can tell you that the autotrader can perform manual trade but the response is dam...
jonno from australia writes about GOMarkets:
I must admit I don't agree, I have been trading with go succesfully since december. Robots are working well and my account manager seems like he knows what he is talking about
Latest Forex News
Pound Continues Rally Versus Euro and Dollar
Wed, 05 Aug 2009 11:18
The pound is gaining again versus the euro and the dollar as services industry grew and U.K manufacturing jump beyond expectations in July, pushing the pound to the highest level in 9 months.
Finance Minister Halts Canadian Dollar Rally
Wed, 05 Aug 2009 10:27
The Canadian dollar, which has gaining heavily versus several most traded currencies, finally stopped its rally after the national Finance Minister affirmed that eventual measures may be taken to damp the rising demand for the loonie, which is already jeopardizing Canadian exports.
Israel’s Sheqel Falls on Dollar Purchase Speculations
Tue, 04 Aug 2009 21:21
The Israeli currency had the sharpest fall in 4 months today as the government is likely to increase a dollar purchasing program to stimulate the national currency.
Will the Pound Rebound to Pre-Crisis Levels?
Tue, 04 Aug 2009 21:04
The pound posted today a positive performance versus the U.S. dollar bringing the British currency to the highest levels in more than 9 months, leaving speculations of an eventual rebound for the Great Britain currency.
Latest Glossary Entries
VPS (Virtual Private Server) — virtual environment hosted on the dedicated server, which can be used to run the programs independent on the user's PC. Forex traders use VPS to host trading platforms and run expert advisors without unexpected interruptions.
Standard Lot — 100,000 units of the base currency of the currency pair, which you are buying or selling.
Swap — overnight payment for holding your position. Since you are not physically receiving the currency you buy, your broker should pay you the interest rate difference between the two currencies of the pair. It can be negative or positive.
Diamond Cut
First, don't confuse diamond "cut" with "shape." Shape refers to the general outward appearance of the diamond, (such as round, emerald, or pear). When a diamond jeweler (or a diamond certificate) says "cut," that's a reference to the diamond's reflective qualities, not the shape (or at least it should be, we have found that even some "jewelers" don't appear to know the difference between "cut" and "shape").
diamond buying guide point The quality of the "cut" does make a difference in how a diamond looks.
Diamond cut is perhaps the most important of the four Cs, so it is important to understand how this quality affects the properties and values of a diamond. A good cut gives a diamond its brilliance, which is that brightness that seems to come from the very heart of a diamond. The angles and finish of any diamond are what determine its ability to handle light, which leads to brilliance.
(See Diamond Anatomy for an explanation of the terms used in the next paragraphs.)
As shown in the images below, when a diamond is well-cut, light enters through the table and travels to the pavilion where it reflects from one side to the other before reflecting back out of the diamond through the table and to the observer's eye. This light is the brilliance we mentioned, and it's this flashing, fiery effect that makes diamonds so mesmerizing.
ideal cut diamond fine cut diamond
shallow cut diamond deep cut diamond
In a poorly cut diamond, the light that enters through the table reaches the facets and then 'leaks' out from the sides or bottom of the diamond rather than reflecting back to the eye. Less light reflected back to the eye means less brilliance.
Good Proportions are Key
Most gemologists agree that the best cut diamonds are those that follow a set of formulae calculated to maximize brilliance. These formulae can be seen in a diamond's proportions, most importantly how the depth compares to the diameter, and how the diameter of the table compares to the diameter of the diamond.
diamond buying guide point If you opt to buy a diamond without an AGS certificate, spend some time looking at certified diamonds (where you know the Cut Grade) and train your eyes to identify the better cuts (by their "sparkle"). Cut does make a difference to the outward appearance of a diamond.
However, the variance in the proportions between an Ideal Cut and a Poor Cut can be difficult to discern by the casual observer.
Because cut is so important, several grading methods have been developed to help consumers determine the cut of a particular diamond. In general, these grades are:
Which Grade of Cut Should I Buy?
Selecting the grade of cut is really a matter of preference. To make the best selection, you need to understand the various grades. Please note that the descriptions below are general guidelines.
Ideal Cut
This cut is intended to maximize brilliance, and the typically smaller table sizes of these diamonds have the added benefit of creating a great deal of dispersion or 'fire' as well. Ideal quality diamonds are truly for the person who enjoys knowing that he has one of the finest things that money can buy. This category applies only to round diamonds.
Premium
In the case of round diamonds, many Premium Cut diamonds have cuts that are the equal of any Ideal Cut diamond, though they often can be purchased at slightly lower prices than AGS Ideal Cuts. They are intended to provide maximum brilliance and fire. Like the Ideal Cut, these are also for the person who enjoys knowing that he has one of the finest things that money can buy.
Very Good
These diamonds reflect most of the light that enters them, creating a good deal of brilliance. With these diamonds, the cutters have chosen to stray slightly from the preferred diamond proportions in order to create a larger diamond. The result is that these diamonds fall slightly outside of some customers' preferences in terms of, for example, table size or girdle width, though, in many cases many of the parameters of diamonds in this range will overlap with certain parameters of diamonds in the Ideal or Premium ranges. Generally, the price of these diamonds in slightly below that of Premium cuts.
Good
Diamonds that reflect much of the light that enters them. Their proportions fall outside of the preferred range because the cutter has chosen to create the largest possible diamond from the original rough crystal, rather than cutting extra weight off to create a smaller Premium quality diamond. Diamonds in this range offer an excellent cost-savings to customers who want to stay in a budget without sacrificing quality or beauty.
diamond buying guide point The quality of the "cut" does make a difference in how a diamond looks.
Diamond cut is perhaps the most important of the four Cs, so it is important to understand how this quality affects the properties and values of a diamond. A good cut gives a diamond its brilliance, which is that brightness that seems to come from the very heart of a diamond. The angles and finish of any diamond are what determine its ability to handle light, which leads to brilliance.
(See Diamond Anatomy for an explanation of the terms used in the next paragraphs.)
As shown in the images below, when a diamond is well-cut, light enters through the table and travels to the pavilion where it reflects from one side to the other before reflecting back out of the diamond through the table and to the observer's eye. This light is the brilliance we mentioned, and it's this flashing, fiery effect that makes diamonds so mesmerizing.
ideal cut diamond fine cut diamond
shallow cut diamond deep cut diamond
In a poorly cut diamond, the light that enters through the table reaches the facets and then 'leaks' out from the sides or bottom of the diamond rather than reflecting back to the eye. Less light reflected back to the eye means less brilliance.
Good Proportions are Key
Most gemologists agree that the best cut diamonds are those that follow a set of formulae calculated to maximize brilliance. These formulae can be seen in a diamond's proportions, most importantly how the depth compares to the diameter, and how the diameter of the table compares to the diameter of the diamond.
diamond buying guide point If you opt to buy a diamond without an AGS certificate, spend some time looking at certified diamonds (where you know the Cut Grade) and train your eyes to identify the better cuts (by their "sparkle"). Cut does make a difference to the outward appearance of a diamond.
However, the variance in the proportions between an Ideal Cut and a Poor Cut can be difficult to discern by the casual observer.
Because cut is so important, several grading methods have been developed to help consumers determine the cut of a particular diamond. In general, these grades are:
Which Grade of Cut Should I Buy?
Selecting the grade of cut is really a matter of preference. To make the best selection, you need to understand the various grades. Please note that the descriptions below are general guidelines.
Ideal Cut
This cut is intended to maximize brilliance, and the typically smaller table sizes of these diamonds have the added benefit of creating a great deal of dispersion or 'fire' as well. Ideal quality diamonds are truly for the person who enjoys knowing that he has one of the finest things that money can buy. This category applies only to round diamonds.
Premium
In the case of round diamonds, many Premium Cut diamonds have cuts that are the equal of any Ideal Cut diamond, though they often can be purchased at slightly lower prices than AGS Ideal Cuts. They are intended to provide maximum brilliance and fire. Like the Ideal Cut, these are also for the person who enjoys knowing that he has one of the finest things that money can buy.
Very Good
These diamonds reflect most of the light that enters them, creating a good deal of brilliance. With these diamonds, the cutters have chosen to stray slightly from the preferred diamond proportions in order to create a larger diamond. The result is that these diamonds fall slightly outside of some customers' preferences in terms of, for example, table size or girdle width, though, in many cases many of the parameters of diamonds in this range will overlap with certain parameters of diamonds in the Ideal or Premium ranges. Generally, the price of these diamonds in slightly below that of Premium cuts.
Good
Diamonds that reflect much of the light that enters them. Their proportions fall outside of the preferred range because the cutter has chosen to create the largest possible diamond from the original rough crystal, rather than cutting extra weight off to create a smaller Premium quality diamond. Diamonds in this range offer an excellent cost-savings to customers who want to stay in a budget without sacrificing quality or beauty.
Diamnod
Tolkowsky focused on diamonds with a pavilion angle of 40° 45'. He wrote that this angle "gives the most vivid fire and the greatest brilliancy, and that although a greater angle would give better reflection, this would not compensate for the loss due to the corresponding reduction in dispersion."
Tolkowsky also developed a geometric model of the crown, on pages 80-94 of Diamond Design. To keep his model simple, Tolkowsky used a knife-edge girdle. This geometric model let him take a given pavilion angle and calculate the best crown angle and table size for that pavilion angle. Tolkowsky gave only one example: He calculated that a diamond with a pavilion angle of 40° 45' looks best with a crown angle of 34° 30', and a table size of 53%. This example includes some rounding errors. This point is starred (*) in Figure 3.
Tolkowsky's geometric model of the crown can be used to calculate the crown angles and table sizes that correspond to other pavilion angles. But it is hard to draw geometric models very accurately. Even fig. 35 in Diamond Design has inaccuracies.
To get around this problem, the editor's notes convert Tolkowsky's geometric model of the crown into formulas. Tolkowsky's assumptions about the crown (including the knife-edge girdle) have been kept, and his logic has been followed step-by-step. The editor's notes do NOT have his rounding errors, however. The bold line in Figure 3 shows points that satisfy these formulas.
As Tolkowsky writes,
"The calculations have been made as simple as possible, so as not to be beyond the range of readers with a knowledge of elementary geometry, algebra, and trigonometry. Where, however, it was found that the accuracy of the results would be impaired without the introduction of more advanced mathematics, these have been used, and graphical methods have been explained as an alternative."
Despite being so simple, the conclusions are surprisingly accurate. Figure 3 broadly agrees with actual diamonds, and with 3-D computerized simulations of diamonds. The simulations agree that a larger pavilion angle can be offset by a smaller crown angle. (The simulations suggest slightly smaller pavilion angles. The difference is about the same as Tolkowsky's rounding error.)
Tolkowsky also developed a geometric model of the crown, on pages 80-94 of Diamond Design. To keep his model simple, Tolkowsky used a knife-edge girdle. This geometric model let him take a given pavilion angle and calculate the best crown angle and table size for that pavilion angle. Tolkowsky gave only one example: He calculated that a diamond with a pavilion angle of 40° 45' looks best with a crown angle of 34° 30', and a table size of 53%. This example includes some rounding errors. This point is starred (*) in Figure 3.
Tolkowsky's geometric model of the crown can be used to calculate the crown angles and table sizes that correspond to other pavilion angles. But it is hard to draw geometric models very accurately. Even fig. 35 in Diamond Design has inaccuracies.
To get around this problem, the editor's notes convert Tolkowsky's geometric model of the crown into formulas. Tolkowsky's assumptions about the crown (including the knife-edge girdle) have been kept, and his logic has been followed step-by-step. The editor's notes do NOT have his rounding errors, however. The bold line in Figure 3 shows points that satisfy these formulas.
As Tolkowsky writes,
"The calculations have been made as simple as possible, so as not to be beyond the range of readers with a knowledge of elementary geometry, algebra, and trigonometry. Where, however, it was found that the accuracy of the results would be impaired without the introduction of more advanced mathematics, these have been used, and graphical methods have been explained as an alternative."
Despite being so simple, the conclusions are surprisingly accurate. Figure 3 broadly agrees with actual diamonds, and with 3-D computerized simulations of diamonds. The simulations agree that a larger pavilion angle can be offset by a smaller crown angle. (The simulations suggest slightly smaller pavilion angles. The difference is about the same as Tolkowsky's rounding error.)
Whether you need to learn about loose diamonds, diamond engagement rings, diamond wedding rings, diamond stud earrings and diamond jewelry in general, you'll likely find it here.
In order to help you learn about, select, and then purchase that perfect diamond, we have collected a wealth of information on diamond grading (the 4C's), diamond certification, diamond appraisal, loose diamonds, wholesale diamonds, simulated or fake diamonds, and diamond buying tips.
Check out some of the links below if you may be interested in buying loose diamonds or diamond jewelry.
For reference is a diagram of a diamond showing the basic parts.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)